This lesson will cover a large area, including:
•The need of transformers – Transmitting electric energy at high voltages.
• Old radial systems and new microgrids and smart grids concept. Distributed generation.
• Basic concepts of the electromagnetic theory applied to transformers: magnetic field, magnetic flux, magnetomotive force, permeability of magnetic materials. Basic problems of applications. Exercises.
• Definition of a transformer (the basics of):
o Principles of operation
o Constructive characteristics
o Magnetic circuit and hysteresis cycle
o Windings and electrical circuit
• The insulating structure cooling methods and cooling system working characteristics of a transformer.
• No-load operation: losses and excitation current
• Under load operation: the war of the fluxes. Load losses and transformer ratios.
• Phenomena that occur in an energized transformer
• Forces between windings
• Magnetostriction
• Leakage flux
• Transformer heating
• Standards and regulations: IEEE, IEC, national standards, etc.
• Classification of transformers: review of 22 different of transformer types according to:
o Localization in the electric circuits
o Type of Insulation
o Voltage and power ranges
About the author
